Echolocation in moths

To obtain a convincing proof of that noctuid moths are capable of echolocating we have developed several behavioral methods. First of all, the experimental conditions had to be as close to natural as possible to preserve normal behavioral responses. Then, of course, the data that we recorded had to allow the unambiguous interpretation.

To streighten the proof even more we have used two different methods, the one based upon the retransmission principle and the other one with a so-called 'carousel setup'.

And then, when the general outline of moth echolocation system was more or less clear, we tried to uncover how did it interact with the other sensory systems, particularly, with the vision.